{"id":22877,"date":"2024-03-04T11:27:03","date_gmt":"2024-03-04T10:27:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.save.ch\/?p=22877"},"modified":"2024-03-04T11:27:03","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T10:27:03","slug":"ingenieure-bannen-feuergefahr-bei-batterien","status":null,"type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.save.ch\/it\/ingenieure-bannen-feuergefahr-bei-batterien\/","title":{"rendered":"Gli ingegneri eliminano il rischio di incendio con le batterie"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Lo sviluppatore di batterie Manthiram (al centro) a colloquio con uno studente (Foto: utexas.edu)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Come nelle batterie agli ioni di litio, anche in quelle agli ioni di sodio possono svilupparsi dendriti, depositi a punta di ago che causano cortocircuiti con incendi ed esplosioni. Tuttavia, i ricercatori dell'Universit\u00e0 del Texas di Austin hanno trovato un modo per prevenire questa crescita nelle batterie agli ioni di sodio. Aggiungono all'elettrolita liquido il nitrato di sodio, meglio conosciuto come salnitro, il componente base dei fertilizzanti. L'elettrolita separa i due elettrodi - anodo e catodo - l'uno dall'altro. Impedisce il contatto elettrico, cio\u00e8 il cortocircuito, ma consente il passaggio di ioni - particelle elettricamente cariche - in modo da far scorrere una corrente.<\/p>\n

Problematico superfluo<\/h3>\n

Le batterie agli ioni di sodio sono considerate un'alternativa interessante ai sistemi di accumulo dell'elettricit\u00e0 basati sul litio oggi comunemente utilizzati. Mentre questi ultimi richiedono non solo il litio ma anche il cobalto, entrambi elementi rari la cui estrazione ha gravi conseguenze sociali e provoca ingenti danni ambientali, il sistema di accumulo concorrente si accontenta di materie prime di uso quotidiano che sono poco costose perch\u00e9 si trovano in grandi quantit\u00e0 sulla terra.<\/p>\n

Tuttavia, mentre l'industria ha in gran parte risolto i problemi delle batterie agli ioni di litio, la situazione delle batterie agli ioni di sodio \u00e8 stata finora desolante, a parte il fatto che sono ancora molto indietro rispetto alla produzione di serie. \"Le batterie prendono fuoco perch\u00e9 le sostanze presenti nell'elettrolita non sono compatibili con le altre parti della batteria. Utilizzando il salnitro, abbiamo eliminato il rischio e creato una batteria sicura e stabile\", spiega il ricercatore Arumugam Manthiram.<\/p>\n

Capacit\u00e0 ad alto livello<\/h3>\n

Non si sa ancora se la nuova batteria sia in grado di eguagliare la densit\u00e0 di potenza delle batterie agli ioni di litio. Tuttavia, i ricercatori texani hanno ottenuto un risultato: la loro batteria ha ancora l'80% della sua capacit\u00e0 originale dopo 500 cicli di carica e scarica. Ci\u00f2 corrisponde a quanto possono ottenere le batterie agli ioni di litio. Oltre al sodio, presente in quantit\u00e0 quasi illimitate come componente del sale marino, la nuova batteria contiene il 40% di ferro e il 30% di manganese e nichel.<\/p>\n

Fonte: utexas.edu<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c4hnlich wie in Lithium-Ionen-Batterien k\u00f6nnen sich auch in Natrium-Ionen-Akkus Dendriten entwickeln, nadelspitze Ablagerungen, die Kurzschl\u00fcsse mit Br\u00e4nden und Explosionen hervorrufen. Bei Natrium-Ionen-Batterien haben Forscher an der University of Texas in Austin jetzt aber ein Mittel gefunden, um dieses Wachstum zu verhindern. Sie f\u00fcgen dem fl\u00fcssigen Elektrolyten Natriumnitrat zu, besser bekannt als Salpeter, dem Grundbaustein f\u00fcr […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":22878,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[1738,907,6398,4058,6399],"class_list":["post-22877","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-brandschutz","tag-batterien","tag-brandgefahr","tag-explosionen","tag-lithium-ionen-batterie","tag-natrium-ionen-akkus"],"acf":[],"hkrextid":null,"publication":null,"issue":null,"workflow":null,"startPage":null,"spitzmarke":null,"_posts_by_tag_page_fields":null,"_at_widget":null,"_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":"67","_yoast_wpseo_focuskw_text_input":null,"_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-image":null,"_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-description":null,"_yoast_wpseo_opengraph-title":null,"enclosure":null,"_yoast_wpseo_twitter-title":null,"_yoast_wpseo_twitter-description":null,"_yoast_wpseo_twitter-image":null,"_wp_old_slug":null,"_yoast_wpseo_title":null,"_yoast_wpseo_canonical":null,"yoast_head":"\nIngenieure bannen Feuergefahr bei Batterien - 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